Society in Peru
An overview of key social indicators. Select a category for detailed trends, charts, and insights.
Explore Social Domains
Demographics
Public Health
Education & Human Capital
Living Standards & Connectivity
Current Snapshot Overview
A summary of key social and demographic indicators for Peru
- Peru has an estimated population of 33.8M2023A steady annual growth rate of 1.1%2023supports sustained population expansion, providing a stable base for economic development. A below-replacement fertility rate of 2.0 births per woman2023suggests gradual population aging and potential future workforce shortages. Net immigration is relatively minor, impacting the population by approximately 18K individuals annually (or 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitants)2024.
- Regarding public health, the country maintains a reasonable health standard with a life expectancy of 77.7 years2023, though there is scope for further improvements to achieve higher global benchmarks. Concurrently, maternal and child health indicators show solid progress, with child mortality (under 5 years) at 15.8 per 1,000 live births2023and maternal mortality at 51 per 100,000 live births2023, indicating improving but still developing services. These outcomes are supported by a moderate commitment to health system development, with 6.1% of GDP directed to healthcare expenditure2022.
- Strong educational foundations are evident in the high adult literacy rate of 94%2020, which significantly contributes to human capital development. Complementing this, the educational pipeline demonstrates high efficiency with 96% primary enrollment2018and 106% secondary participation2023, ensuring comprehensive skill development and a prepared workforce. This educational framework is supported by moderate public support, with 4.2% of GDP allocated to public educational expenditure2023, reflecting a balanced approach to funding.
- In terms of infrastructure and connectivity, the predominantly urban character, with 79% urban population2023, supports modern economic structures while maintaining important rural-urban linkages. Furthermore, infrastructure development shows strong progress with 96% electricity access2023and 80% internet penetration2023, supporting ongoing modernization efforts and enhancing quality of life.
Key Development Insights
Population Dynamics
Managing demographic trends is crucial for long-term economic planning and workforce stability.
Public Health System
Public health outcomes are a core indicator of national development and quality of life. Access to healthcare is essential for sustainable growth.
Human Capital Formation
Educational attainment is a direct driver of economic innovation and global competitiveness. Investment in education is key to unlocking human potential.
Infrastructure & Connectivity
Infrastructure shapes economic efficiency, urbanization patterns, and digital integration, being critical for modern economies.
Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.