Canada/Society

Society in Canada

An overview of key social indicators. Select a category for detailed trends, charts, and insights.

Explore Social Domains

Demographics

Coming Soon
Population
40.1M(2023)
Population Growth
2.9%(2023)
Fertility Rate
1.26(2023)
Death Rate
8.1 per 1k(2023)
Net Migration
+368.6K(2024)

Public Health

Coming Soon
Life Expectancy
81.6 years(2023)
Under-5 Mortality
5.1 per 1k(2023)
Maternal Mortality
12 per 100k(2023)
Health Expenditure (as share of GDP)
11.2%(2023)

Education & Human Capital

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Primary Enrollment
99.9%(2017)
Secondary Enrollment
108.6%(2022)
Tertiary Enrollment
77.3(2022)
Education Expenditure (as share of GDP)
4.1%(2022)

Living Standards & Connectivity

Coming Soon
Internet Users
94%(2023)
Access to Electricity
100%(2023)
Access to Basic Drinking Water
99.2%(2022)
Urban Population
32.8M(2023)
Rural Population
7.3M(2023)

Current Snapshot Overview

A summary of key social and demographic indicators for Canada

  • Canada has an estimated population of 40.1M
    2023
    The nation is experiencing rapid demographic expansion with an annual growth rate of 2.9%
    2023
    , indicative of a dynamic and youthful population structure and potential for a significant demographic dividend. The critically low fertility rate of 1.3 births per woman
    2023
    presents severe demographic challenges, including accelerated population aging and contraction, impacting economic and social systems. Significant positive net migration of approximately 369K individuals annually (or 9.2 per 1,000 inhabitants)
    2024
    provides vital demographic rejuvenation and helps address labor market needs, contributing to economic dynamism.
  • Regarding public health, robust public health systems are evident in a strong life expectancy of 81.6 years
    2023
    , indicating effective healthcare delivery. Concurrently, healthcare system effectiveness is further validated by favorable maternal and child health outcomes, reflected in a child mortality rate (under 5 years) of 5.1 per 1,000 live births
    2023
    and a maternal mortality rate of 12 per 100,000 live births
    2023
    . These outcomes are supported by a substantial health investment, with 11.2% of GDP allocated to healthcare expenditure
    2023
    .
  • the educational pipeline demonstrates high efficiency with 100% primary enrollment
    2017
    and 109% secondary participation
    2022
    , ensuring comprehensive skill development and a prepared workforce. This educational framework is supported by moderate public support, with 4.1% of GDP allocated to public educational expenditure
    2022
    , reflecting a balanced approach to funding.
  • In terms of infrastructure and connectivity, as a highly urbanized society with 82% of the population residing in urban areas
    2023
    , the country benefits from concentrated economic activity, efficient service delivery, and innovation potential. Furthermore, infrastructure modernization is highly advanced, with near-universal electricity access and high digital connectivity (94% internet penetration
    2023
    ), strategically positioning the country for robust participation in the global digital economy.

Key Development Insights

Population Dynamics

Immigration is a key factor in stabilizing the population and offsetting low native birth rates, supporting economic continuity.

Public Health System

Sustained, high investment in healthcare underpins the country's excellent life expectancy and human development outcomes.

Human Capital Formation

Educational attainment is a direct driver of economic innovation and global competitiveness. Investment in education is key to unlocking human potential.

Infrastructure & Connectivity

A highly urbanized, digitally connected society creates a strong foundation for service-based industries and global market access.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.