Turkmenistan/Society

Society in Turkmenistan

An overview of key social indicators. Select a category for detailed trends, charts, and insights.

Explore Social Domains

Demographics

Coming Soon
Population
7.4M(2023)
Population Growth
1.8%(2023)
Fertility Rate
2.69(2023)
Death Rate
5.8 per 1k(2023)
Net Migration
+14.6K(2024)

Public Health

Coming Soon
Life Expectancy
70.1 years(2023)
Under-5 Mortality
40 per 1k(2023)
Maternal Mortality
5 per 100k(2023)
Health Expenditure
5.4%(2022)

Education & Human Capital

Coming Soon
Literacy Rate
99.4%(2005)
Secondary Enrollment
95.7%(2022)
Tertiary Enrollment
18.3(2022)
Education Expenditure
2.7%(2023)

Infrastructure & Connectivity

Coming Soon
Internet Users
21.3%(2017)
Access to Electricity
100%(2023)
Access to Basic Drinking Water
100%(2022)
Urban Population
4M(2023)
Rural Population
3.4M(2023)

Current Social Overview of Turkmenistan

A summary based on key social and demographic indicators.

  • Turkmenistan has an estimated population of 7.4M
    2023
    A steady annual growth rate of 1.8%
    2023
    supports sustained population expansion, providing a stable base for economic development. The fertility rate of 2.7 births per woman
    2023
    is above replacement level, ensuring sustainable long-term population stability without significant external migration. Positive net migration of approximately 15K individuals annually (or 2.0 per 1,000 inhabitants)
    2024
    contributes to population stability and growth.
  • Regarding public health, Healthcare outcomes show foundational progress with a life expectancy of 70.1 years
    2023
    , yet significant disparities or developmental gaps may still exist. Concurrently, Healthcare delivery faces significant systemic challenges, as evidenced by elevated child mortality (under 5 years) (40.0 per 1,000 live births
    2023
    and maternal mortality (5 per 100,000 live births
    2023
    ) rates, suggesting areas for critical intervention and resource allocation. These outcomes are supported by limited healthcare spending, at 5.4% of GDP
    2022
    , which may constrain comprehensive health system improvements and the attainment of higher health outcomes.
  • The country boasts exceptional educational attainment with a near-universal adult literacy rate of 99%
    2005
    , establishing a robust foundation for a knowledge-based economy.Secondary education observes 96% participation
    2022
    , indicating progression rates beyond primary levels. This educational framework is supported by limited educational investment, at 2.7% of GDP
    2023
    , which may constrain the scale and quality of future human capital development initiatives.
  • In terms of infrastructure and connectivity, a still balanced urban-rural distribution (54% urban population
    2023
    ) creates diverse economic opportunities but necessitates coordinated infrastructure development to bridge potential disparities. Furthermore, basic infrastructure coverage includes 100% electricity access
    2023
    . However, digital connectivity at {currentInternet}% internet penetration
    2017
    indicates significant opportunities for further digital transformation and economic inclusion.

Key Development Insights

Population Dynamics

Managing demographic trends is crucial for long-term economic planning and workforce stability.

Public Health System

Public health outcomes are a core indicator of national development and quality of life. Access to healthcare is essential for sustainable growth.

Human Capital Formation

A highly educated populace positions the nation for success in the global knowledge economy. Keeping talent is a vital strength.

Infrastructure & Connectivity

Infrastructure shapes economic efficiency, urbanization patterns, and digital integration, being critical for modern economies.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.