Saudi Arabia/Society

Society in Saudi Arabia

An overview of key social indicators. Select a category for detailed trends, charts, and insights.

Explore Social Domains

Demographics

Coming Soon
Population
33.3M(2023)
Population Growth
3.3%(2023)
Fertility Rate
2.28(2023)
Death Rate
2.3 per 1k(2023)
Net Migration
+122.2K(2024)

Public Health

Coming Soon
Life Expectancy
78.7 years(2023)
Under-5 Mortality
6.2 per 1k(2023)
Maternal Mortality
7 per 100k(2023)
Health Expenditure
4.6%(2022)

Education & Human Capital

Coming Soon
Literacy Rate
98%(2020)
Primary Enrollment
94.5%(2018)
Secondary Enrollment
120%(2022)
Tertiary Enrollment
73.7(2022)
Education Expenditure
5.1%(2023)

Infrastructure & Connectivity

Coming Soon
Internet Users
100%(2023)
Access to Electricity
100%(2023)
Access to Basic Drinking Water
98.6%(2022)
Urban Population
28.3M(2023)
Rural Population
5M(2023)

Current Social Overview of Saudi Arabia

A summary based on key social and demographic indicators.

  • Saudi Arabia has an estimated population of 33.3M
    2023
    The nation is experiencing rapid demographic expansion with an annual growth rate of 3.3%
    2023
    , indicative of a dynamic and youthful population structure and potential for a significant demographic dividend. The fertility rate of 2.3 births per woman
    2023
    is above replacement level, ensuring sustainable long-term population stability without significant external migration. Positive net migration of approximately 122K individuals annually (or 3.7 per 1,000 inhabitants)
    2024
    contributes to population stability and growth.
  • Regarding public health, robust public health systems are evident in a strong life expectancy of 78.7 years
    2023
    , indicating effective healthcare delivery. Concurrently, healthcare system effectiveness is further validated by favorable maternal and child health outcomes, reflected in a child mortality rate (under 5 years) of 6.2 per 1,000 live births
    2023
    and a maternal mortality rate of 7 per 100,000 live births
    2023
    . These outcomes are supported by limited healthcare spending, at 4.6% of GDP
    2022
    , which may constrain comprehensive health system improvements and the attainment of higher health outcomes.
  • Strong educational foundations are evident in the high adult literacy rate of 98%
    2020
    , which significantly contributes to human capital development. Complementing this, educational access shows solid progress through 95% primary enrollment
    2018
    and 120% secondary participation rates
    2022
    . This educational framework is supported by moderate public support, with 5.1% of GDP allocated to public educational expenditure
    2023
    , reflecting a balanced approach to funding.
  • In terms of infrastructure and connectivity, as a highly urbanized society with 85% of the population residing in urban areas
    2023
    , the country benefits from concentrated economic activity, efficient service delivery, and innovation potential. Furthermore, infrastructure modernization is highly advanced, with near-universal electricity access and high digital connectivity (100% internet penetration
    2023
    ), strategically positioning the country for robust participation in the global digital economy.

Key Development Insights

Population Dynamics

Managing demographic trends is crucial for long-term economic planning and workforce stability.

Public Health System

Public health outcomes are a core indicator of national development and quality of life. Access to healthcare is essential for sustainable growth.

Human Capital Formation

A highly educated populace positions the nation for success in the global knowledge economy. Keeping talent is a vital strength.

Infrastructure & Connectivity

A highly urbanized, digitally connected society creates a strong foundation for service-based industries and global market access.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.