Italy/Society

Society in Italy

An overview of key social indicators. Select a category for detailed trends, charts, and insights.

Explore Social Domains

Demographics

Coming Soon
Population
59M(2023)
Population Growth
0%(2023)
Fertility Rate
1.20(2023)
Death Rate
11.2 per 1k(2023)
Net Migration
+95.2K(2024)

Public Health

Coming Soon
Life Expectancy
83.7 years(2023)
Under-5 Mortality
2.8 per 1k(2023)
Maternal Mortality
6 per 100k(2023)
Health Expenditure
8.5%(2023)

Education & Human Capital

Coming Soon
Literacy Rate
99%(2019)
Primary Enrollment
95.7%(2017)
Secondary Enrollment
101.4%(2022)
Tertiary Enrollment
73.9(2022)
Education Expenditure
4.2%(2021)

Infrastructure & Connectivity

Coming Soon
Internet Users
87%(2023)
Access to Electricity
100%(2023)
Access to Basic Drinking Water
99.9%(2022)
Urban Population
42.5M(2023)
Rural Population
16.5M(2023)

Current Social Overview of Italy

A summary based on key social and demographic indicators.

  • Italy has an estimated population of 59.0M
    2023
    . The population exhibits near-stagnant growth at -0.0%
    2023
    , signaling potential demographic headwinds and an aging trend. The critically low fertility rate of 1.2 births per woman
    2023
    presents severe demographic challenges, including accelerated population aging and contraction, impacting economic and social systems. Positive net migration of approximately 95K individuals annually (or 1.6 per 1,000 inhabitants)
    2024
    contributes to population stability and growth.
  • Regarding public health, a life expectancy of 83.7 years
    2023
    demonstrates exceptional health outcomes in the nation, positioning it among the world's healthiest populations. Concurrently, healthcare system effectiveness is further validated by favorable maternal and child health outcomes, reflected in a child mortality rate (under 5 years) of 2.8 per 1,000 live births
    2023
    and a maternal mortality rate of 6 per 100,000 live births
    2023
    . These outcomes are supported by a moderate commitment to health system development, with 8.5% of GDP directed to healthcare expenditure
    2023
    .
  • The country boasts exceptional educational attainment with a near-universal adult literacy rate of 99%
    2019
    , establishing a robust foundation for a knowledge-based economy. Complementing this, the educational pipeline demonstrates high efficiency with 96% primary enrollment
    2017
    and 101% secondary participation
    2022
    , ensuring comprehensive skill development and a prepared workforce. This educational framework is supported by moderate public support, with 4.2% of GDP allocated to public educational expenditure
    2021
    , reflecting a balanced approach to funding.
  • In terms of infrastructure and connectivity, the predominantly urban character, with 72% urban population
    2023
    , supports modern economic structures while maintaining important rural-urban linkages. Furthermore, infrastructure development shows strong progress with 100% electricity access
    2023
    and 87% internet penetration
    2023
    , supporting ongoing modernization efforts and enhancing quality of life.

Key Development Insights

Population Dynamics

Immigration is a key factor in stabilizing the population and offsetting low native birth rates, supporting economic continuity.

Public Health System

Sustained, high investment in healthcare underpins the country's excellent life expectancy and human development outcomes.

Human Capital Formation

A highly educated populace positions the nation for success in the global knowledge economy. Keeping talent is a vital strength.

Infrastructure & Connectivity

Infrastructure shapes economic efficiency, urbanization patterns, and digital integration, being critical for modern economies.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.