The economic architecture of Timor-Leste is substantial, anchored by a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of approximately $2.08B
2023
. This places it as the 172nd largest economy out of 192 countries measured, underscoring its significance on the world stage. On a per capita basis, GDP stands at $1.5K
2023
, while its GDP adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is estimated at $6.65B, offering a clearer picture of the population's domestic purchasing power. The economy is facing headwinds, marked by a contraction of -18.1%
2023
, accompanied by a stable price environment, with inflation (CPI) contained at 2.1%.
2024
On the global stage, Timor-Leste's trade and financial dynamics reveal a complex interplay of international and domestic factors. The nation's economic activity is heavily reliant on foreign goods, running a considerable trade deficit with imports at 66.4% of GDP and exports at 22.9%
2023
. The investment climate attracts significant Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), with inflows constituting -2.41% of the economy
2023
. This performance positions the country 175th globally out of 187 nations, confirming its status as a competitive destination for foreign capital. Furthermore, personal remittances from its diaspora are a vital component of the economy, amounting to a substantial $192.99M annually
2023
. Fiscal capacity is adequate, with tax collections representing 21.6% of GDP, supporting core state functions.
2022
The socio-economic landscape is characterized by a Gross National Income (GNI) per capita of $2,020
2023
, ranking the nation 151st out of 191. This figure provides a comprehensive measure of the average income per person, reflecting the nation's overall economic well-being. The labor market demonstrates considerable strength, with a low unemployment rate of 1.6%, suggesting conditions close to full employment.
2024
A key feature of the workforce is its concentration in the services sector, which accounts for 52.1% of total employment
2023
. Despite its economic standing, poverty remains a salient issue, with 41.8% of the population living below the national poverty line
2014
. The country achieves a relatively equitable distribution of income, reflected in a low Gini index of 28.7.
2014
In the environmental and energy sectors, the nation's policies and outcomes reflect its developmental priorities. Energy consumption per capita stands at 60.703 kg of oil equivalent
2007
, a metric that often correlates with industrial activity and living standards. The energy portfolio remains heavily dependent on conventional sources, with renewables contributing a modest 11.4%
2022
. This commitment places it 54th among 191 countries, highlighting its relative progress in decarbonization. Total greenhouse gas emissions were last recorded at 2.01K tonnes of CO2 equivalent
2023
, a key factor in its national climate strategy and international obligations.

Key Economic Insights

Macroeconomic Health

Balancing growth, inflation, and employment remains the core challenge for economic stewardship.

Trade & Investment Profile

The orientation towards global trade and foreign investment is a defining feature of the economic landscape.

Social Equity & Distribution

Ensuring equitable distribution of economic gains is fundamental for long-term social and political stability.

Energy & Sustainability

The transition to a sustainable energy framework is paramount for mitigating climate risk and securing future energy needs.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.