The economic architecture of Indonesia is substantial, anchored by a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of approximately $1.37T
2023
. This places it as the 16th largest economy out of 192 countries measured, underscoring its significance on the world stage. On a per capita basis, GDP stands at $4.88K
2023
, while its GDP adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is estimated at $4.33T, offering a clearer picture of the population's domestic purchasing power. The economy is experiencing a period of vigorous expansion, with a high growth rate of 5.0%
2023
, while managing moderate inflation, with a CPI of 3.7%.
2023
On the global stage, Indonesia's trade and financial dynamics reveal a complex interplay of international and domestic factors. The country exhibits a balanced trade profile, with exports making up 21.7% of GDP and imports 19.6%
2023
. The investment climate attracts significant Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), with inflows constituting 1.57% of the economy
2023
. This performance positions the country 110th globally out of 187 nations, confirming its status as a competitive destination for foreign capital. Furthermore, personal remittances from its diaspora are a vital component of the economy, amounting to a substantial $16.04B annually
2024
. The government operates under fiscal constraints, with a limited tax base that generates revenue equivalent to only 11.1% of GDP.
2009
The socio-economic landscape is characterized by a Gross National Income (GNI) per capita of $4,810
2023
, ranking the nation 114th out of 191. This figure provides a comprehensive measure of the average income per person, reflecting the nation's overall economic well-being. The labor market demonstrates considerable strength, with a low unemployment rate of 3.3%, suggesting conditions close to full employment.
2024
A key feature of the workforce is its concentration in the services sector, which accounts for 49.1% of total employment
2023
. Despite its economic standing, poverty remains a salient issue, with 9.0% of the population living below the national poverty line
2024
. The country achieves a relatively equitable distribution of income, reflected in a low Gini index of 34.9.
2024
In the environmental and energy sectors, the nation's policies and outcomes reflect its developmental priorities. Energy consumption per capita stands at 935.774 kg of oil equivalent
2022
, a metric that often correlates with industrial activity and living standards. A significant commitment to sustainability is evident, with renewable energy accounting for 20.2% of consumption
2021
. This commitment places it 86th among 191 countries, highlighting its relative progress in decarbonization. Total greenhouse gas emissions were last recorded at 1.2M tonnes of CO2 equivalent
2023
, a key factor in its national climate strategy and international obligations.

Key Economic Insights

Macroeconomic Health

The economy exhibits robust health, characterized by a "Goldilocks" scenario of strong growth, low inflation, and low unemployment.

Trade & Investment Profile

The orientation towards global trade and foreign investment is a defining feature of the economic landscape.

Social Equity & Distribution

The nation demonstrates effective wealth distribution, with low poverty and relatively equitable income sharing contributing to social stability.

Energy & Sustainability

The transition to a sustainable energy framework is paramount for mitigating climate risk and securing future energy needs.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.