Mongolia/Society

Society in Mongolia

An overview of key social indicators. Select a category for detailed trends, charts, and insights.

Explore Social Domains

Demographics

Coming Soon
Population
3.5M(2023)
Population Growth
1.4%(2023)
Fertility Rate
2.70(2023)
Death Rate
5.5 per 1k(2023)
Net Migration
+83(2024)

Public Health

Coming Soon
Life Expectancy
72.12(2023)
Under-5 Mortality
13.6 per 1k(2023)
Maternal Mortality
41 per 100k(2023)
Health Expenditure
8.9%(2022)

Education & Human Capital

Coming Soon
Literacy Rate
99%(2020)
Primary Enrollment
97.7%(2018)
Secondary Enrollment
99.1%(2023)
Tertiary Enrollment
65.3(2023)
Education Expenditure
3.7%(2023)

Infrastructure & Connectivity

Coming Soon
Internet Users
83%(2023)
Access to Electricity
100%(2023)
Access to Basic Drinking Water
83.5%(2022)
Urban Population
2.4M(2023)
Rural Population
1.1M(2023)

Current Social Overview of Mongolia

A summary based on key social and demographic indicators.

  • Mongolia has an estimated population of 3.5M
    2023
    A steady annual growth rate of 1.4%
    2023
    supports sustained population expansion, providing a stable base for economic development. The fertility rate of 2.7 births per woman
    2023
    is above replacement level, ensuring sustainable long-term population stability without significant external migration. Net immigration is relatively minor, impacting the population by approximately 83 individuals annually (or 0.0 per 1,000 inhabitants)
    2024
    .
  • Regarding public health, the country maintains a reasonable health standard with a life expectancy of 72.1 years
    2023
    , though there is scope for further improvements to achieve higher global benchmarks. Concurrently, maternal and child health indicators show solid progress, with child mortality (under 5 years) at 13.6 per 1,000 live births
    2023
    and maternal mortality at 41 per 100,000 live births
    2023
    , indicating improving but still developing services. These outcomes are supported by a moderate commitment to health system development, with 8.9% of GDP directed to healthcare expenditure
    2022
    .
  • The country boasts exceptional educational attainment with a near-universal adult literacy rate of 99%
    2020
    , establishing a robust foundation for a knowledge-based economy. Complementing this, the educational pipeline demonstrates high efficiency with 98% primary enrollment
    2018
    and 99% secondary participation
    2023
    , ensuring comprehensive skill development and a prepared workforce. This educational framework is supported by limited educational investment, at 3.7% of GDP
    2023
    , which may constrain the scale and quality of future human capital development initiatives.
  • In terms of infrastructure and connectivity, the predominantly urban character, with 69% urban population
    2023
    , supports modern economic structures while maintaining important rural-urban linkages. Furthermore, infrastructure development shows strong progress with 100% electricity access
    2023
    and 83% internet penetration
    2023
    , supporting ongoing modernization efforts and enhancing quality of life.

Key Development Insights

Population Dynamics

Managing demographic trends is crucial for long-term economic planning and workforce stability.

Public Health System

Public health outcomes are a core indicator of national development and quality of life. Access to healthcare is essential for sustainable growth.

Human Capital Formation

A highly educated populace positions the nation for success in the global knowledge economy. Keeping talent is a vital strength.

Infrastructure & Connectivity

Infrastructure shapes economic efficiency, urbanization patterns, and digital integration, being critical for modern economies.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.