Ghana/Society

Society in Ghana

An overview of key social indicators. Select a category for detailed trends, charts, and insights.

Explore Social Domains

Demographics

Coming Soon
Population
33.8M(2023)
Population Growth
1.9%(2023)
Fertility Rate
3.40(2023)
Death Rate
7.0 per 1k(2023)
Net Migration
-13.1K(2024)

Public Health

Coming Soon
Life Expectancy
65.5 years(2023)
Under-5 Mortality
37.1 per 1k(2023)
Maternal Mortality
234 per 100k(2023)
Health Expenditure
3.7%(2022)

Education & Human Capital

Coming Soon
Literacy Rate
80.4%(2020)
Primary Enrollment
86.2%(2019)
Secondary Enrollment
76.8%(2022)
Tertiary Enrollment
22(2023)
Education Expenditure
2.9%(2022)

Infrastructure & Connectivity

Coming Soon
Internet Users
69.9%(2023)
Access to Electricity
89.5%(2023)
Access to Basic Drinking Water
88.4%(2022)
Urban Population
20M(2023)
Rural Population
13.8M(2023)

Current Social Overview of Ghana

A summary based on key social and demographic indicators.

  • Ghana has an estimated population of 33.8M
    2023
    A steady annual growth rate of 1.9%
    2023
    supports sustained population expansion, providing a stable base for economic development. With a fertility rate of 3.4 births per woman
    2023
    , the population maintains momentum, necessitating strategic investments in social infrastructure. Net emigration is relatively minor, impacting the population by approximately 13K individuals annually (or -0.4 per 1,000 inhabitants)
    2024
    .
  • Regarding public health, Healthcare outcomes show foundational progress with a life expectancy of 65.5 years
    2023
    , yet significant disparities or developmental gaps may still exist. Concurrently, Healthcare delivery faces significant systemic challenges, as evidenced by elevated child mortality (under 5 years) (37.1 per 1,000 live births
    2023
    and maternal mortality (234 per 100,000 live births
    2023
    ) rates, suggesting areas for critical intervention and resource allocation. These outcomes are supported by limited healthcare spending, at 3.7% of GDP
    2022
    , which may constrain comprehensive health system improvements and the attainment of higher health outcomes.
  • Educational progress is reflected in a literacy rate of 80%
    2020
    , though continued efforts are needed to achieve universal literacy and enhance foundational skills. Complementing this, educational access shows solid progress through 86% primary enrollment
    2019
    and 77% secondary participation rates
    2022
    . This educational framework is supported by limited educational investment, at 2.9% of GDP
    2022
    , which may constrain the scale and quality of future human capital development initiatives.
  • In terms of infrastructure and connectivity, a still balanced urban-rural distribution (59% urban population
    2023
    ) creates diverse economic opportunities but necessitates coordinated infrastructure development to bridge potential disparities. Furthermore, basic infrastructure coverage includes 90% electricity access
    2023
    . However, digital connectivity at {currentInternet}% internet penetration
    2023
    indicates significant opportunities for further digital transformation and economic inclusion.

Key Development Insights

Population Dynamics

A youthful, rapidly growing population presents a "demographic dividend" opportunity if met with sufficient investment in jobs and services.

Public Health System

Addressing critical gaps in the healthcare system is essential to improve lagging indicators like life expectancy and maternal mortality.

Human Capital Formation

Educational attainment is a direct driver of economic innovation and global competitiveness. Investment in education is key to unlocking human potential.

Infrastructure & Connectivity

Infrastructure shapes economic efficiency, urbanization patterns, and digital integration, being critical for modern economies.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.