Egypt/Economy

Economy of Egypt

An overview of key economic indicators. Select a category for detailed trends, charts, and insights.

Explore Economic Domains

Growth & Output

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GDP (USD)
$396.0B(2023)
GDP PPP (USD)
$2.1T(2023)
GDP per Capita (USD)
$3,457(2023)
GDP Growth (inflation-adjusted)
3.8%(2023)
Inflation (CPI Annual %)
28.3%(2024)

Trade & Finance

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Exports (as share of GDP)
19.1%(2023)
Imports (as share of GDP)
21.3%(2023)
FDI Inflows (as share of GDP)
2.5%(2023)
Remittance Inflow (USD)
$19.5B(2023)
Tax Revenue (as share of GDP)
12.5%(2015)

Labor & Income

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Unemployment Rate
7.2%(2024)
Employment in Services
52.7%(2023)
Poverty Rate
29.7%(2019)
GINI Index
28.5(2021)
GNI per Capita (USD)
$3,840(2023)

Energy & Environment

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Energy Use per Capita
900 kg oil eq.(2022)
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)
6.1%(2021)

Economic Snapshot Overview

A summary of key economic indicators for Egypt

  • The economic architecture of Egypt is substantial, anchored by a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of approximately $396B
    2023
    . This places it as the 39th largest economy out of 191 countries measured, underscoring its significance on the world stage. On a per capita basis, GDP stands at $3.46K
    2023
    , while its GDP in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) terms is estimated at $2.12T, reflecting the population's domestic purchasing power. The economy demonstrates solid growth, expanding at a rate of 3.8%
    2023
    , but this is challenged by high inflation, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) at 28.3%
    2024
    .
  • On the global stage, the nation's trade and financial dynamics reveal a complex interplay of factors. The nation runs a trade deficit, with exports at 19.1% of GDP and imports at 21.3%
    2023
    . Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows are significant, constituting 2.48% of the economy
    2023
    . This performance positions the country 74th globally out of 186 nations, indicating its relative attractiveness to foreign capital. Additionally, personal remittances received amount to a substantial $19.53B annually
    2023
    , highlighting the economic importance of its diaspora. The government faces fiscal constraints, with tax revenue representing only 12.5% of GDP
    2015
    .
  • The socio-economic landscape is characterized by a Gross National Income (GNI) per capita of $3,840
    2023
    . Globally, this ranks the nation 123rd out of 190 in terms of GNI per capita, providing a clear measure of its national wealth relative to others. The labor market is stable, with unemployment at 7.2%
    2024
    . The services sector is a primary driver of the labor market, accounting for 52.7% of total employment
    2023
    . Poverty remains a key issue, with 29.7% of the population living below the national poverty line
    2019
    . The country has a relatively equitable distribution of income, with a Gini index of 28.5
    2021
    .
  • On the environment and energy front, energy consumption per capita is 900.373 kg of oil equivalent
    2022
    . The energy mix is still heavily reliant on traditional sources, with renewables contributing 6.1%
    2021
    . Its commitment to clean energy places it 36th among 190 countries for its share of renewable energy consumption.

Key Economic Insights

Macroeconomic Health

Runaway inflation is the most pressing economic threat, eroding purchasing power and creating instability.

Trade & Investment Profile

The economy is primarily driven by domestic demand, with limited exposure to global trade fluctuations but also fewer opportunities for export-led growth.

Social Equity & Distribution

Distributing the benefits of economic growth equitably is crucial for social cohesion and long-term stability.

Energy & Sustainability

Heavy reliance on fossil fuels creates significant long-term risks related to climate change, price volatility, and energy security.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.