The economic architecture of Syria is substantial, anchored by a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of approximately $23.62B
2022
. This places it as the 112th largest economy out of 191 countries measured, underscoring its significance on the world stage. On a per capita basis, GDP stands at $1.05K
2022
, while its GDP adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is estimated at $107.2B, offering a clearer picture of the population's domestic purchasing power. The economy is navigating a period of modest growth, recorded at 0.7%
2022
, a situation complicated by severe inflationary pressures (CPI at 13.4%), indicating potential stagflation.
2019
On the global stage, Syria's trade and financial dynamics reveal a complex interplay of international and domestic factors. The nation's economic activity is heavily reliant on foreign goods, running a considerable trade deficit with imports at 28.8% of GDP and exports at 6.8%
2022
. The investment climate attracts significant Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), with inflows constituting 1.19% of the economy
2011
. This performance positions the country 120th globally out of 186 nations, confirming its status as a competitive destination for foreign capital.
The socio-economic landscape is characterized by a Gross National Income (GNI) per capita of $710
2022
, ranking the nation 179th out of 190. This figure provides a comprehensive measure of the average income per person, reflecting the nation's overall economic well-being. The country confronts significant labor market challenges, evidenced by a high unemployment rate of 13.0%.
2024
A key feature of the workforce is its concentration in the services sector, which accounts for 63.1% of total employment
2023
. Despite its economic standing, poverty remains a salient issue, with 35.2% of the population living below the national poverty line
2007
. The country achieves a relatively equitable distribution of income, reflected in a low Gini index of 26.6.
2022
In the environmental and energy sectors, the nation's policies and outcomes reflect its developmental priorities. Energy consumption per capita stands at 454.532 kg of oil equivalent
2022
, a metric that often correlates with industrial activity and living standards. The energy portfolio remains heavily dependent on conventional sources, with renewables contributing a modest 1.1%
2021
. This commitment places it 18th among 190 countries, highlighting its relative progress in decarbonization. Total greenhouse gas emissions were last recorded at 41.21K tonnes of CO2 equivalent
2023
, a key factor in its national climate strategy and international obligations.

Key Economic Insights

Macroeconomic Health

The economy faces a severe stagflationary environment, where high unemployment and high inflation are coupled with economic stagnation.

Trade & Investment Profile

The economy is largely insular and consumption-driven, relying heavily on imports and showing limited integration into global export markets.

Social Equity & Distribution

Ensuring equitable distribution of economic gains is fundamental for long-term social and political stability.

Energy & Sustainability

A heavy dependence on fossil fuels poses significant long-term risks, including exposure to price volatility, energy insecurity, and climate change impacts.

More About This Country

Neighbors & Regional Peers

Note: The information on this page has been compiled from authoritative sources. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, please note that some figures may not be current or entirely precise.